Mineral resources are Niger's greatest source of wealth, and when the price of uranium fell in the 1980s per capita income in Niger also fell to the current level of $180 per year. In 2001 Niger ranked 173rd out of 174 countries in UNDP's Human Development Index.

Malaria is endemic throughout Niger, and in 2000 WHO estimated the malaria death rate for children under age five at 1,998 per 100,000 - almost two percent per year. Just under one percent of children in Niger sleep under insecticide treated bednets. Chloroquine-resistant malaria has been reported in Niger.

The mortality rate for TB in Niger is 57 per 100,000. HIV prevalence rates are still relatively low for sub-Saharan Africa, at two percent of the adult population.

Sources: CIA World Factbook, BBC News country profile, World Bank, United Nations Statistics Division

Niger has implemented the DOTS anti-TB program, and it is estimated that 60 percent of TB cases are identified and treated under DOTS protocols.

Niger's Programme National de Lutte contre le SIDA addresses prevention, care and treatment of HIV/AIDS, dircted by Medecin-Lieutenant Colonel Kadri Mounkaila.

Sources: United Nations Statistics Division, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, World Bank

Demographic data contained in this section was obtained from the following sources: The Population Reference Bureau’s 2009 World Population Data Sheet was used for total population, life expectancy at birth, infant mortality, fertility, birth rate, death rate, % of married women 15-49 using modern methods of contraception, % of population 15-49 with HIV/AIDS in 2007/2008, and the GNI PPP per capita (2008). Literacy rates were found in the Population Reference Bureau’s publication 2005 Women of Our World. HIV prevalence data for 2001 and 2003 was obtained from the UNAIDS Barcelona 2002 report; HIV prevalence and orphan data for 2005 was obtained from the UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2006. Data on the % women who have discussed AIDS prevention with their husband or partner can be found in ORC Macro and USAID’s Women’s Lives and Experiences: Changes in the Past Ten Years (Research Findings from the Demographic and Health Surveys). Childhood malaria mortality data was accessed in 2003 from the United Nations Statistics Divisions’ Millennium Indicators. Tuberculosis data was obtained from the United Nations Statistics Division’s Millennium Indicators: MDGInfo 2006. In some cases information was unavailable.

A French mining company, COGEMA, has established two hospitals to serve its employees and the population living near its mines at Arlit and Akouta.

Sources: WHO, MD Travel Health

Niger has no significant research facilities. Classes at Niamey University were disrupted in 2000 and 2001 after clashes between students and security forces resulted in fatalities, arrests, and student strikes.

Currently most bilateral aid for Niger is targeted at poverty reduction programs; the World Bank does have an HIV/AIDS funding project in the pipeline.

Entity	Project Title	Diseases	Primary Category	Secondary Category
International	CIDA (Canada)	HIV/AIDS	Prevention
	Canada is expanding its AIDS 3 project to include Niger. The AIDS 3 project combats the spread of HIV through: improved primary health ...
International	World Bank	HIV/AIDS,Malaria	General
	In 2003 the World Bank approved a loan to Niger of $25 million for a ...
International	GFATM (The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria)	HIV/AIDS,Malaria	General
	The Global Fund approved and has begun disbursments undet two grants to fight HIV/AIDS and malaria in Niger. $8.4 million has been approved for the...
International	Japan	Malaria	General
	The GFATM 3rd Round grant to support anti-malarial work in Niger noted that Japan provides support for health work in 13 of Niger's 42 health...

1. The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria approved a Nigerian grant proposal for $11.3 million to combat malaria. The grant agreement is awaiting final signature.

   Source: GFATM